黄柄曲霉ASD次生代谢产物的鉴定及抑菌活性

为明确土壤来源的黄柄曲霉ASD次生代谢产物中的抑菌物质及其生物活性，利用硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析和半制备高效液相色谱对ASD发酵液的二氯甲烷粗提物进行纯化，运用核磁共振及高分辨质谱技术，结合文献报道数据对化合物的结构进行鉴定，利用X-射线单晶衍射验证鉴定结果；采用含药稀释平板法及菌丝生长速率法测定化合物对辣椒疫霉菌、大斑凸脐蠕孢菌和禾生刺盘孢菌等9种病原真菌的抑菌活性。结果表明，从ASD发酵液中分离获得已知活性抑菌物质为sulochrin和4,5-二甲基间苯二酚。其中，sulochrin对辣椒疫霉菌、大斑凸脐蠕孢菌和禾生刺盘孢菌有较好的抑制作用，4,5-二甲基间苯二酚只对辣椒疫霉菌具有较好的抑制作用，两者对灰葡萄孢菌、玉蜀黍尾孢菌和新月弯孢菌等6株致菌抑菌效果不明显或无抑制作用。

Identification of secondary metabolites of Aspergillus flavipes ASD and their fungicidal activities

In this work, the antibacterial substances in Aspergillus flavipesASD isolated from soil were identified and the biological activities of its secondary metabolites were evaluated. The crude dichloromethane extract from ASD fermentation broth was purified by silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography and semi-prepared high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated pure compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and high resolution mass spectrometry and were compared with literature reported data. The structures were further confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction data. The fungicidal activities of the compounds against 9 pathogenic fungi, such as Phytophthora capsici, Exserohilum turcicum and Colletatrichum graminicola, etc, were determined by the method of pesticide plate dilution and mycelial growth rate. The results show that sulochrin and 4,5-dimethyl resorcinol were isolated from ASD. Sullocrin has a good control effect on P. capsici, E. turcicum and C. graminicola. 4,5-Dimethyl resorcinol has good control effect onP. capsici. They had no obvious effect or no inhibitory effect on 6 strains, such as Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora zeae-maydisand Curvularia lunata.