设施蔬菜灰霉病菌对不同类型杀菌剂的抗性检测

为了明确设施蔬菜灰霉病菌Botryotinia fuckeliana的抗药性现状,采用菌丝生长速率法检测了20052006年采自浙江、江苏、山东和辽宁4省的144个菌株对6种常用防治药剂的敏感性。结果表明,灰霉病菌对百菌清已经产生了低水平的抗性,频率为5.56%,其对多菌灵的抗性非常严重,总的抗性频率为43.05%,高抗(HR)频率为27.08%;乙霉威的EC50值在0.137728.9μg/mL之间,平均为40.06μg/mL。其中多菌灵-乙霉威双抗频率为36.11%,且首次检测到了两种新的双抗类型。二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂在生产上已经应用近20年,但灰霉病菌对异菌脲和腐霉利只有频率为20%左右的低水平抗性,没有检测到高抗菌株;苯胺嘧啶类杀菌剂嘧霉胺虽然只应用几年时间,但已经产生了抗性,其抗性菌株频率为4.16%。研究表明,设施蔬菜灰霉病菌对常用的6种防治药剂均产生了不同程度的抗性。

Detection of Resistance of Botryotinia fuckeliana from Protected Vegetables to Different Classes of Fungicides

For understanding the status of fungicide resistance in Botryotinia fuckeliana of protected vegetables,the sensitivities of 144 isolates collected from Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Liaoning and Shandong during 20052006 to six fungicides were evaluated.Results showed that low-level of resistance to chlorothalonil emerged with a frequency of 5.56%.Serious resistance of B.fuckeliana to carbendazim was detected with a frequency of highly-resistant sub-population of 27.08% and total resistance frequencyof 43.05%.Meanwhile,medium effective concentrations(EC50) of inhibiting radial growth for diethofencarb ranged from 0.137 μg/mL to 728.9 μg/mL with a mean value of(40.06 μg/mL).Frequency of double-resistance to carbendazim and diethofencarb was as high as(36.11%.) Meanwhile,two new phenotypes of double-resistance were reported.Only low-level resistance to iprodione or procymidone with frequency of about 20% was detected and no highly resistant isolates were detected although the dicarboximides had been used in practice for about 20 years in China.Moreover, resistance to pyrimethanil occurred with a frequency of 4.16% just a few years after its application in the sampled regions.The results indicated that serious and complex resistance problem to the six fungicides had emerged in B.fuckeliana of protected vegetables.