基于蔬菜安全生产的农药使用现状分析研究Ⅱ:来自农药使用农户群体的调查报告

设计调查问卷,对河北、湖南和陕西3省共计184户农户实施抽样调查,系统分析我国蔬菜安全生产中农药使用现状。结果表明:1.我国农药使用群体以中老年男性为主,其中54.35%教育程度为初中学历,选购农药时主要根据经验判断、经销商推荐的分别占59.24%和48.91%。2.配药过程粗放,简单使用瓶盖量取、估测后直接倒进喷雾器的分别为28.26%、25.54%。3.施药时缺乏安全防护意识,选择戴口罩比例仅为31.52%。4.只有20%的农户遵照农药标签上的安全间隔期收获作物,66.3%的农户从未参加过农药方面的培训。分析认为,我国农药使用群体受教育水平、科学素养、安全和环境保护意识急需提高;加强农药市场监管和技术培训宣传,对推动农户科学使用农药,加速蔬菜安全生产进程具有重要意义。

Research-Development and Application Situation of Agrochemicals Based on the Vegetable Safety ProductionⅡ：Investigation Report from Agrochemicals User of Farmers

To analyse the current situation of agrochemicals application in China, the questionnaire was designed based on the samples of 184 farmers from Herbei, Hunan and Shanxi provinces. The investigation results showed that 1. The group of agrochemicals user are mainly senile male, whose education level with junior high school degree are 54.35%, the proportion of farmers according to the experience or recommendation of dealers are respectively 59.24% and 48.91% when buying agrochemicals. 2. The process of preparing agrochemicals is simple, the proportion of farmers using bottle cap or estimating are respectively 28.26% and 25.54% when measuring agrochemicals. 3. Lack of safety consciousness, only 31.52% of farmers choose to wear a face mask. 4. Only 20% of farmers harvest crops in accordance with safety intervals on labels, 66.3% of farmers never attend agrochemicals training. For the groups of agrochemicals application in China, which need to improve education level and strengthen environmental protection consciousness. To strengthen market supervision and technology training have important significance for promoting the scientific application of agrochemicals, and accelerating the vegetable safety production process.