Surface‐applied insecticide treatments for quarantine control of Japanese beetle,Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), larvae in field‐grown nursery plants |
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| Authors: | Jason B Oliver Michael E Reding Nadeer N Youssef Michael G Klein Bert L Bishop Phil A Lewis |
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| Institution: | 1. Tennessee State University, School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, Otis L Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, TN 37110, USA;2. USDA‐ARS Application Technology Research Unit, Horticultural Insects Group, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;3. Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Entomology, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;4. Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Computing and Statistical Services, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;5. USDA‐APHIS‐PPQ, Otis Pest Survey, Detection and Exclusion Laboratory, 1398 W. Truck Road, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542, USA |
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| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica Newman, are a quarantine challenge for nursery shipments from infested to non‐infested states. Marathon (imidacloprid) and Discus (imidacloprid + cyfluthrin) are approved preharvest nursery treatments (US Domestic Japanese Beetle Harmonization Plan; DJHP). This study evaluated approved and non‐approved (acephate, carbaryl, clothianidin, dinotefuran, halofenozide, thiamethoxam, trichlorfon) preharvest treatments, optimal rates (labeled 1×, 0.3–0.75× or 2–3×) and optimal timings (June, July, August and September) to control early‐instar (grubs) P. japonica in field nurseries. RESULTS: Most insecticides effectively reduced grub densities, except for acephate, carbaryl and trichlorfon. Clothianidin, thiamethoxam and halofenozide provided grub control equivalent to DJHP standards during most years. Across all test years and timings, percentage grub reductions were: Marathon (1×: 59.2–100; 3×: 78.9–100), Discus (1×: 60.7–100), clothianidin (1×: 96.1–100; 3×: 97.4–100), thiamethoxam (1×: 75.0–100; 3×: 80.0–100), halofenozide (1×: 70.0–100; 3×: 90.0–100) and dinotefuran (1×: 13.2–88.2; 3×: 71.1–93.4). CONCLUSIONS: July application was more consistent and effective than other timings, and higher rates (2× and 3×) did not generally improve grub control. Overall, clothianidin, thiamethoxam and halofenozide (and dinotefuran applied in August) were equivalent to current DJHP standards. These insecticides may be suitable for DJHP Category 2 states, potentially lowering grower costs. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry |
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| Keywords: | Popillia japonica nursery neonicotinoid scarab ornamentals |
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