土壤水动力学模型在SPAC系统中应用研究进展

从土壤水动力学典型的裸地蒸发模型、蒸发蒸腾量模型、土壤水分入渗模型出发，综述了SPAC系统下国内外现行的植物根系吸水模型、溶质运移模型、农业生态系统模型等研究进展，归纳和讨论了目前土壤水动力学模型在SPAC系统建模中存在的问题与不足。并对该领域的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望：建立准确的数值模型来解决实际问题是蒸发蒸腾量模型未来研究的趋势；入渗模型从点至区域的动态扩展，并结合土壤侵蚀、污染物运移等因素的农业倾向性研究为潜在的重要分支方向；根系吸水模型应更多被用于监测土壤水分动态、设计合理的灌溉制度及干旱预警等体系；利用计算机、遥感等技术手段建立农业生态系统物能循环的机理性模型将为模型的实用性和精度提供有力支撑。

Research progress of soil-water dynamics model applied in SPAC system

This paper starts from the typical models of soil water dynamics as bare land evaporation model, evapotranspiration model, soil water infiltration model, and summarizes the research progress of pla nt root water uptake model, solute transport model and agricultural ecosystem model in the SPAC system. The article also analyzes and discusses the problems and shortcomings existed in current establishing model in the SPAC system by the soil water hydrodynamics model, and carries out the expectation for the developing direction and application prospect in this field. The research tendency of evapotranspiration model in future is to establish accurate numerical model to solve the practical problems. The dynamic expansion of the infiltration model from point to region, combined with the soil erosion, pollutant migration is the potential research direction. The root water absorption model should be more and more used to monitor the soil water dynamics design reasonable irrigation schedule and the droughts forecast system. It will provide strong support for the practicability and accuracy of the model by using the computer, remote sensing technology and so on to establish the mechanism model concerning matter and energy circulation in the agricultural ecological system.