干旱胁迫下玉米自交系抗旱性评价及筛选

以39份玉米自交系为材料，2017—2018年在甘肃省张掖市设置田间自然抗旱鉴定试验，筛选抗旱鉴定指标，综合评价玉米自交系的抗旱性。结果表明：在干旱胁迫下，39份玉米自交系的粉丝间隔时间延长了0~3 d，株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗干重、籽粒干重、出籽率及百粒重均降低，其中，穗干重、籽粒干重和出籽率3个指标分别为正常灌水处理的81.5%、79%和88.5%。穗干重、籽粒干重和出籽率与平均抗旱系数呈显著正相关，可作为玉米自交系抗旱鉴定的主要指标。利用加权抗旱系数法综合评价筛选出强抗旱玉米自交系10份，其中自交系E28、DH351、陇1222、浚92-8和黄早四，抗旱性达到极强。本研究所筛选到的抗旱自交系可在选育抗旱新品种中加强利用。

Evaluation and selection of drought resistance inbred lines of maize under drought stress

Thirty\|nine inbred lines of maize were used for acomprehensive evaluation of drought resistance under drought stress and normal irrigation in Zhangye city, Gansu Province from 2017 to 2018. The results showed that the ASI (Ahthesis\|silking interval) was lengthened in 39 inbred lines under drought stress, and the plant height, earposition height, ear length, ear diameter, ear dry weight, seed dry weight, seed productionrate, and 100-seed weight were decreased under the drought stress.Among them, ear dry weight, grain dry weight, and kernel percentage were significantly reduced by 81.5%, 79.0%, and 88.5% over that of normal irrigation.The ear dry weight, grain dry weight, and kernel percentage were significantly positively correlated with the average drought resistance coefficient, which could be used as the main index for drought resistance identification of maize inbred lines. Ten strong drought\|resistant maize inbred lines were selected by the comprehensive evaluation with weighted drought\|resistant coefficient method, among which inbred lines E28, DH351, long 1222, Xun92-8, and Huangzao 4 were highly drought\|resistant.The drought\|resistant inbred lines selected in this study could be utilized in breeding new drought\|resistant varieties.