杨凌地区黄精氮磷钾优化施肥模式研究

采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次D-饱和最优设计,通过田间试验研究了氮、磷、钾的施肥量与黄精一年生根茎产量、多糖含量的效应函数。结果表明,氮、磷、钾肥对黄精产量的增产作用大小依次为磷肥>钾肥>氮肥,对多糖含量的作用大小依次为钾肥>氮肥>磷肥,其中磷肥为负效应,氮、钾肥为正效应。寻优结果表明,当目标产量为3 500~4 500 kg/hm2时,在95%的置信区间,优化施肥量为N 89.74~136.18 kg/hm2,P2O5121.39~157.16kg/hm2,K2O 61.06~92.63 kg/hm2。在多糖含量8%~9.5%之间,在95%的置信区间,优化施肥量为:N 103.91~153.65 kg/hm2,P2O569.5~124.27 kg/hm2,K2O 68.16~95.36 kg/hm2。黄精高产优质高效栽培的优化施肥量为:N103.91~136.18 kg/hm2,P2O5121.39~124.27 kg/hm2,K2O 68.16~92.63 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O的最佳比例为:1∶0.89~0.91∶0.5~0.68。

Study on the optimization models of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application for Potygonatum.sibiricum Red. production in Yangling

The effect functions of fertilizing amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on rhizoma yield and polysaccharide content of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.were established by the D-saturation optimal design with three factors.The results showed that the effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on yield improvement was phosphorus>potassium>nitrogen and that on polysaccharide content was potassium>nitrogen>phosphorus,and the effect of phosphorus on polysaccharide content was negative,while the effect of nitrogen and potassium were positive.When the target yield was 3 500～4 500 kg/hm2, the optimum fertilizing amount was 89.74～136.18 kg/hm2 for N,121.39～157.16 kg/hm2 for P2O5,and 61.06～92.63 kg/hm2 K2O with 95% confidence interval.When the polysaccharide content was during 8%～9.5%,the optimum fertilizing amount was N 103.91～153.65 kg/hm2,P2O5 69.5～124.27 kg/hm2,and K2O 68.16～95.36 kg/hm2 with 95% confidence interval.The optimum fertilizing amount for high yield,high efficiency and high quality in Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.production was 103.91～136.18 kg/hm2 for N,121.39～124.27 kg/hm2 for P2O5,and 68.16～92.63 kg/hm2 for K2O.The best ratio of N:P2O5: K2O was 1∶0.89～0.91∶0.5～0.68.