品种、培养基质和接种量对马铃薯脱毒基础苗生长的影响

以马铃薯早熟品种大西洋、中熟品种克新1号、晚熟品种青薯168脱毒基础苗为试验材料,研究品种、培养基质和接种量对马铃薯脱毒基础苗苗鲜重、根鲜重、苗干重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长和根条数等性状指标的影响,培养14 d时,测定各性状指标。结果表明:三个品种的主要农艺性状均在液体培养基上表现为最佳,其平均单株鲜重、干重、株高、茎粗、节长和根条数分别为:159.4 mg、9.1 mg、7.3 cm、1.16 mm、1.4 cm、5.6条。在液体培养基上,降低了马铃薯工厂化生产成本,同时还可缩短马铃薯脱毒基础苗培养时间7~9 d。接种量对马铃薯单株根鲜重、苗干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长有显著性影响(P<0.05);不同成熟期品种苗鲜重、根鲜重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长和根条数受品种影响显著(P<0.05);不同成熟期品种、不同接种密度处理对马铃薯单株根鲜重、苗干重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长影响有显著性交互作用(P<0.05);早熟品种大西洋,接种密度为0.67株/cm2时,中熟品种克新1号和晚熟品种青薯168接种密度为0.80株/cm2时,综合农艺性状表现最好。

Effects of variety, culture medium and inoculum source on the growth of virus-free shoots of potato in vitro

Using virus-free shoots in vitro of early maturity potato variety "Atlantic", medium maturity variety "Kexin 1" and late maturity variety "Qingshu 168" as materials,experiments were conducted to study the effects of variety,culture medium and inoculum source on the fresh weight shoot,fresh weight of root,dry weight of seedling,dry weight of root,number of leaves,plant height,stem diameter,root length and number of root,which were investigated at the 14th day. The results showed that,agronomic characters of the three varieties were the best on liquid cultivating medium and the average of per plant fresh weight,dry weight,plant height,stem diameter,node length and root number were: 159.4 mg,9.1 mg,7.3 cm,1.16 mm,1.4 cm and 5.6 bar.The production costs of potato could be reduced under this condition,meanwhile,the cultivating time of virus-free shoots of potato could be shortened by 7～9 days.The inoculum source had significant influence on the per plant root fresh weigh,seedling dry weight,number of leaves,plant height,stem diameter and root length(P<0.05),and variety also had significant influence on the fresh weight of seedling,fresh weight of root,dry weight of root,number of leaves,plant height,stem diameter,root length and root number of different maturity varieties(P<0.05).Variety and inoculum source had interactive effect on the fresh weight of root,dry weight of seedling,dry weight of root,number of leaves,plant height,stem diameter and root length(P<0.05).So they had the best comprehensive agronomic characters when the inoculum density was 0.53/cm2 for early maturity variety "Atlantic",and 0.80/cm2 for both medium maturity variety "Kexin 1" and late maturity variety "Qingshu 168".