长期施肥对冬油菜产量及养分吸收利用的影响

以1981年设置在甘肃天水黄绵土上的长期定位试验为基础,研究长期施肥对冬油菜产量及氮、磷、钾吸收利用的影响。结果表明:化肥合理配施能使冬油菜稳产、高产,化肥配施有机肥冬油菜产量显著提高,尤其以氮磷钾配施有机肥增产效果最好,平均产量达1 897.49 kg·hm-2,较对照(不施任何肥料)增产258.02%;氮磷钾与有机肥配施氮、磷、钾地上部携出量均最多,分别为192.1、21.4、192.8 kg·hm-2,较对照分别提高了259.65%、362.20%、276.56%;相同施肥条件下,施有机肥处理氮、磷、钾表观利用率较不施有机肥有不同程度的下降,分别下降了34.87%、22.16%、351.48%。

Effects of long-term fertilization on yield and nutrient uptake utilization of winter rapeseed

A long-term (1981—2014)field experiment was conducted on Loessal soil at Tianshui city,Gansu province to investigate the effects of long-term fertilization on yield and nutrient uptake utilization of winter rapeseed .The results showed that the yield was increased significantly under the combination of chemical fertilizers and manure,with the average yield being 1 897 .49 kg·hm-2 as increased by 258 .02%compared with CK.The total nutrient uptake of N、P and K was 192 .09、21 .40、192 .8 kg·hm-2,under the MNPK treatment and were increased by 259 .65%,362 .20%, 76 .56%,respectively compared with CK.Under the same chemical fertilizer,apparent recovery efficiency of N,P,and K were decreased by 34 .87%,22 .16%,and 35 1 .48%under the application of manure treatment .