马铃薯生长模型研究进展及其应用

马铃薯是世界第四大粮食作物，然而马铃薯的生产却易受到环境因素和遗传因素的影响。通过利用生长模型将马铃薯生理生态过程和相互关系进行量化表达，分析其内部结构与外界环境的关系，从而提出合理的管理方式，达到增产高效的目的。目前，国际上开发了一些较成熟的马铃薯生长模型，如SUBSTOR-potato，NPOTATO，LINTUL-POTATO模型等，应用在国内马铃薯生产实践中取得了一定成果，但总体来说中国马铃薯生长模型的应用还处于探索发展阶段。本文通过对国内外马铃薯生长模型研究的分析总结，得出国内外马铃薯生长模型的主要特点是偏重C、N素研究，缺少P、K素研究；模型所需要的参数较其他作物模型更为复杂。同时，综合分析现有各个生长模型的原理与技术路线的异同点与优缺点，指出马铃薯生长模型需在遗传参数和气候参数方面加以深化研究，并展望了利用作物生长模型指导国内马铃薯生产相关的发展趋势。

Development and applications of potato growth models

The growth and yield of potato are largely affected by the genetic variation as well as the environmental conditions. Potato growth model can be used to quantify the interaction of the physiological and the ecological processes. Thus, the analysis of interaction between inner structure (both genetic and physiological) and the environmental factors can facility the making of a accurate planting management decisions, achieving the objective of improvement of both the yield and the quality. Nowadays, many potato growth models have been developed and some of them had been tested and evaluated in the potato production, such as SUBSTOR-potato, NPOTATO, and LINTUL-POTATO. However, the application of potato growth models in China is still in its infancy. This paper summarized the latest development of available potato growth models and compared their main characteristics. Meanwhile, the development purposes of some prevailing potato growth models were reviewed. The majority of potato growth models are focused on the distribution of C and N elements, but they lack the analysis of P and K elements. The results also indicated that the construction of the potato growth models is rather complicated than those of other crops, which needs more detailed knowledge of genetic and the climate factors governing potato growth. In addition, the prospect of applying potato growth models in China was also discussed.