长期施用绿肥对小麦玉米间作土壤微生物的影响

利用Biolog微平板法和高通量测序技术，研究小麦玉米间作条件下，不同长期施肥处理土壤微生物对不同碳源的利用差异以及土壤微生物群落在门、属水平上的变化，探明长期施用绿肥对土壤微生物群落多样性及代谢功能的影响。结果表明：长期施用绿肥可显著提高土壤有机质、速效磷和速效钾含量，降低土壤pH值，增强土壤微生物碳源代谢能力。不同施肥条件下，放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为土壤优势菌群，绿肥处理的放线菌门丰度最高(29.94%),农家肥处理最低(22.95%);秸秆还田处理的变形菌门丰度最高(22.32%),对照处理最低(18.85%);酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)在各个处理中的相对丰富度较高，分别为13.39%～19.71%、10.85%～14.56%、3.54%～12.98%。长期施用绿肥有效提高了土壤放线菌门、厚壁菌门、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)以及假节杆菌属(Pseudarthrobacter)的丰度，降低了酸杆菌门的丰度，增加了土壤微生物种群数量。综...

Effects of long\|term application of green manure on soil microorganisms in wheat maize intercropping

Using Biolog microplate method and high\|throughput sequencing technology, we examined the differences of soil microbial utilization of different carbon sources and the changes of soil microbial community at the phylum and genus levels under wheat\|corn intercropping conditions with different long\|term fertilization treatments and investigated the effects of long\|term green manure application on soil microbial community diversity and metabolic functions. The results showed that long\|term application of green manure significantly increased soil organic matter, fast\|acting phosphorus and fast\|acting potassium content, reduced soil pH, and enhanced the metabolic capacity of soil microbial carbon sources. Under different fertilization conditions, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant soil bacterial groups, and the highest abundance of Actinobacteria was 29.94% in the green manure treatment and the lowest was 22.95% in the farmyard manure treatment; the highest abundance of Proteobacteria was 22.32% in the straw return treatment and the lowest was 18.85% in the control treatment. The relative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes was higher in each treatment, ranging from 13.39%~19.71%, 10.85%~14.56% and 3.54%~12.98%, respectively. Long\|term application of green manure effectively increased the abundance of soil Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacillus spp. and Pseudarthrobacter spp. and decreased the abundance of Acidobacteriota and increased the number of soil microbial populations. In conclusion, long\|term application of green manure not only improved soil fertility, but also enhanced the ability of soil to resist soil\|borne diseases.