| 寒旱区白菜型冬油菜适应性及利用研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘秦,姚正良,缪纯庆,姚瑶,毛成志,孙万仓.寒旱区白菜型冬油菜适应性及利用研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(6):56-62. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘秦 姚正良 缪纯庆 姚瑶 毛成志 孙万仓 |
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| 作者单位： | To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable.,To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable.,To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable.,To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable.,To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable. and To better understand the adaptability of winter rapeseed in cold-arid region of Zhangye, Gansu Province, the overwintering rate, dry matter accumulation prior to winter, agronomic characters, and yield of 8 Brassica napus varieties were analyzed and compared, the effects of different sowing time on overwintering rate and yield were studied, and also the successive cropping modes of winter rapeseed were investigated. The results showed that at the 38° north latitude, the extreme minimum temperature is -28.7℃ in the Zhangye and Hexi corridor, the Chinese cabbage-type winter rapeseed can overwinter and produce high yield and quality seeds. After harvesting winter rapeseed, planting various crops such as early maturing soybeans, potatoes, oil sunflower, and vegetables in the output value per 666.7 m2 is 32.0%~154.4% higher than that of single wheat, and 15.4%~108.6% higher than that of single maize, and the economic benefit is very significant. The winter rapeseed production in Zhangye and Hexi corridor could reform the traditional agriculture from 1 harvest per year to two harvests per year or 3 harvests per two years. As a result, it will increase cropping index, improve land resource utilization, and economic benefits. At the same time, it can increase soil vegetation coverage in winter and spring to reduce dust source and improve ecological environment. In conclusion, it’s appropriate to choose cold resistance varieties in Zhangye and Hexi corridor, and early sowing in the middle of August is advisable. |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部行业专项基金（200903002-04） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究冬油菜在甘肃张掖寒旱区种植的适应性,对8个白菜型冬油菜品种(系)的越冬率、冬前干物质积累、农艺性状及产量进行了分析比较,研究了冬油菜不同播种期对越冬率、产量等性状的影响,同时进行了冬油菜后茬复种模式研究。研究结果表明,在北纬38°左右、海拔180 m左右、极端最低气温-28.7℃的张掖及河西走廊,白菜型冬油菜能够露地正常越冬,且产量高品质好。冬油菜收获后,复种早熟大豆、马铃薯、油葵和蔬菜等作物,每667m2两季产值比单种小麦增收32.0%～154.4%,比单种玉米增收15.4%～108.6%,经济效益十分显著。在张掖及河西走廊发展冬油菜生产可以调整传统农业的一年一熟为一年两熟或两年三熟,增加复种指数,提高土地资源利用率和经济效益;同时,可增加冬春季土壤植被覆盖,减少沙尘源,改善生态环境。张掖及河西走廊宜选择抗寒性品种,并适当早播,播期以8月中旬为宜。
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| 关 键 词： | 白菜型冬油菜 越冬率 后茬复种作物 效益 播期 甘肃寒旱区 |
Adaptability and utilization of cabbage-type winter rapeseed in the cold-arid regions |
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| LIU Qin,YAO Zheng-liang,MIAO Chun-qing,YAO Yao,MAO Cheng-zhi,SUN Wan-cang.Adaptability and utilization of cabbage-type winter rapeseed in the cold-arid regions[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2018,36(6):56-62. |
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| Authors: | LIU Qin YAO Zheng-liang MIAO Chun-qing YAO Yao MAO Cheng-zhi SUN Wan-cang |
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