滴灌春小麦生长发育与水分利用效率的研究

试验于2009-2010在石河子大学试验站进行,设置了滴灌和漫灌两种灌溉方式,滴灌又设置了一管四行和一管六行两种滴灌带布置方式,目的在于分析不同灌溉方式及不同毛管布置方式对滴灌小麦生长发育及水分利用率等方面的影响.结果表明:滴灌与传统漫灌相比,株高、叶绿素含量、根系活力增加,叶绿素后期下降缓慢,滴灌可降低小麦千物质在营养器官中的分配率,促进干物质向籽粒中分配,防止后期叶片旱衰;滴灌比漫灌相比灌水量降低了25％,产量平均增加14.4％,水分利用效率提高35.4％.滴灌小麦实行一管四行毛管布置与一管六行相比受水均匀,不同边行间植株生长差异小,产量及水分利用效率均比一管六行高.

Spring wheat growth and water use efficiency under drip irrigation

Two irrigation ways between dripping and conventional models were analyzed, and two lay-out methods was also established under the drip irrigation, one tube with four rows and one tube with six rows. The object of the ex-periment was to analyze the relationship between spring wheat growth and water use efficiency under different irrigation ways and different lay-out of drip irrigation. The results showed that dripping irrigation could not only increase plant weight, SPAD value of flag leaf and root activity, but also reduce dry matter in vegetative organs, so it was beneficial to increasing yield. Compared with the conventional watering way, dripping irrigation decreased water amount by 25%, while kernel yield increased by 14.4% and irrigation water use efficieney(WUE) increased by 35.4% under dripping irrigation. It had an obvious promoting effect on wheat growth in the treatment of one tube with four rows, meanwhile, in-creased yield and irrigation water use efficiency, owing to the relative even soil water distribution and plant uniformity un-der middle row and border row.