生物炭配施沼液对番茄根区土壤养分环境的影响及评价

为探明施用生物炭对沼液灌溉时作物根区养分滞留量的影响，将生物炭的强吸附特性与沼液绿色有机的特点相结合，在2019年和2020年开展两季大田试验，设置1个当地常规化肥处理(CF)和4个沼液-生物炭处理(沼液浓度20%,T₀、T_0.5、T_1.0、T_2.0处理生物炭施用量分别为0%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%,质量比),探求不同生物炭施加量配施沼液对番茄根区土壤养分环境的影响，并采用层次分析法(AHP)进行了评价。结果表明：灌溉沼液浓度为20%时，番茄根区0～60 cm土层土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有机质含量以及0～40 cm土层土壤pH值随生物炭施加量的增加而逐渐增大，T_2.0处理土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮和有机质含量均高于其他处理；层次分析法对生物炭配施沼液处理下番茄根区土壤养分环境质量评价的结果表明，各处理对根区土壤养分环境质量的影响表现为：T_2.0>T_1.0>T_0.5>T₀

Effects of biochar with biogas slurry application on soil nutrient environment in tomato root zone

Combining strong adsorption characteristics of biochar with green and organic characteristics of biogas slurry, this experiment was to investigate the effects of biochar application on retention of nutrients in the crop root zone during biogas slurry irrigation. The field trials were conducted during two seasons of 2019 and 2020. The experiment was performed by setting one conventional chemical fertilizer treatment (CF) and four biogas slurry\|biochar treatments of biochar concentration of 20%, and T₀, T_0.5, T_1.0, and T_2.0 treatments with biochar application rates of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, mass ratio. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to evaluate the soil environment. The results showed that at a concentration of 20%, the total nitrogen, nitrate\|nitrogen, ammonium\|nitrogen and organic matter contents of the soil in the root zone of tomato from 0 to 60 cm and the pH of the soil from 0 to 40 cm increased gradually with the amount of biochar applied. The total nitrogen, nitrate\|nitrogen, ammonium\|nitrogen and organic matter contents of the soil in the T_2.0 treatment were higher than those in the other treatments. The results of the AHP on the soil nutrient environment quality of the tomato root zone under the combined application of biochar and biogas slurry showed that the order of the effects of each treatment on the soil nutrient environment quality in the root zone was: T_2.0>T_1.0>T_0.5>T₀>CF. Different biochar application rates combined with biogas slurry not only increased the soil nutrient content in the tomato root zone, but also improved the soil nutrient environment quality in the tomato root zone. Overall, T_2.0 treatment had the best effects on increasing the soil nutrient content in the tomato root zone and improving the soil nutrient environment quality.