施用硅肥对田间春小麦花后源库关系的影响

以两个黑龙江春小麦品种即龙麦26（不耐密）和克旱16（耐密）为材，在田间机播条件下进行不同硅肥用量基施试验，通过测定不同生育期的光合性能、籽粒灌浆速率及产量构成因素，以探明基施硅肥对春小麦源库特性及产量的影响。结果表明，基施硅肥可协调小麦源库关系，使小麦源足、库大。两个春小麦品种施入硅肥后穗长和小穗数增加，千粒重未达到显著水平，硅肥提高了不耐密品种的穗粒数和穗粒重，增加了耐密品种的穗数。不耐密品种龙麦26、耐密品种克旱16的最优硅肥施用量分别为30 kg·hm－2、60 kg·hm－2，过多施入硅肥反倒有不利影响。

Effect of application of silicon fertilizer to source-store relationship of spring wheat after flowering

Taking two types of spring wheat cultivars of Longmai 26 (non-density tolerance) and Kehan 16(density tolerance) of Heilongjiang Province as for materials, carried out the experiment of different quantity of silicon fertilizer under the condition of field mechanical sowing. Through measuring the photosynthetic performance at the different growth period, grain-filling rate and yield constitute factors, were searched and clarified the effects of base silicon fertilizer to source-store characteristics and yield of spring wheat. The results showed that: The source-store relationship of wheat can be coordinated by base silicon fertilizer, making the wheat source sufficient and large store. The spike length and spikelet number were increased of two spring wheat varieties after application of silicone fertilizer, but the weight of thousand seeds did not reach the significant level. The grain numbers and grain weight per spikelet were increased for non-density tolerance variety of wheat and the spikelet numbers were increased for density tolerance variety by using silicon fertilizer. The optimal applied amount of silicon fertilizer was 30 kg·hm^-2 and 60 kg·hm^-2 respectively for non-density tolerance variety of Longma i 26 and density tolerance variety of Kehan 16. If use too much silicon fertilizer will have disadvantage effect.