石匣小区氮磷坡面流失特征研究

以石匣试验小区为研究对象,分析了小区特征对氮磷、泥沙流失的影响。结果表明:在不同的土地利用方式中果园产生的径流中氮磷浓度最高,林地最低,而氮磷的流失量标准小区最高,林地最低;免耕种植、梯田种植、鱼鳞坑造林等耕作方式会明显减少农田土壤的侵蚀及氮磷的流失,植被覆盖明显减少径流量和泥沙量,从而有效地控制农田氮磷污染物的流失;在其它条件相同的情况下,坡度小的小区氮磷流失量明显减小;降雨量与氮磷的流失量呈现明显的正相关;雨季径流中氮、磷主要以颗粒态存在,径流中的泥沙量与径流量有较好的线性关系(R=0.72)。

Research on loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in Shixia experiment plot

The characteristic of plot effect on loss of nitrogen phosphorus and sediment in soil was studied in this paper.The results show that: in the different land-use,the concentration of Total N and Total P in the runoff of orchard is highest,the lowest one is in the runoff of woodland.However,the loss of Total N and Total P of standard experimental area is highest,the lowest one is woodland;no tillage,terrace tillage has an obvious control on the soil erosion,vegetation coverage also can decrease the runoff and the loss of sediment,so they can prevent the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus effectively;in the experimental area with same land-use and other characteristics,low slope can decreases the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus;there is various plus correlation between rainfall and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus;In rainy season,the nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff exist mainly in particle form,and there is a remarkable linear relativity between the flow and sediment.