不同覆双膜和揭膜方式对南疆棉花产量和品质的影响

以双膜覆盖栽培技术为研究基础，通过探索不同揭膜方式对棉花生长发育、产量及品质的影响，提出一种新型的地膜覆盖及揭膜方式，以期有效解决残膜污染问题。田间自然条件下，设置5个处理，即膜侧播种+双膜覆盖+苗后头水前揭膜(T₁)、膜侧播种+双膜覆盖+苗后揭上膜(T₂)、裸播(T₃)、膜下播种+单膜覆盖+苗后揭膜(T₄)、膜下播种+双膜覆盖+苗后揭上膜(CK),测定棉花农艺性状、生育期、成铃、产量及品质指标，进而分析处理间差异。结果表明：T₁处理对棉花株高影响不显著，T₂和T₄处理对株高影响较小，而T₃处理则导致株高显著降低，对棉花生长具有抑制作用；T₁、T₄和CK处理可以显著降低杂草数量，T₂和T₃处理对杂草数量的控制力度相对较弱；揭膜方式的变化对棉株生育期天数及产量形成的空间分布具有一定影响；T₃处理会显著降低棉...

Effects of different double film and film uncovering methods on cotton yield and quality in Southern Xinjiang

A new film covering and film uncovering method was proposed in this study based on research of double film mulching to explore the effects of different film uncovering methods on growth development, yield and quality of cotton to fundamentally solve the problem of residual film pollution. Five experimental treatments including film side sowing + double film mulching + film uncovering before head water after seedling emergence (T₁), film side sowing + double film mulching + top\|film uncovering after seedling emergence (T₂), unmulchedsowing (T₃), sowing under film + single film mulching + uncovering film after seedling emergence (T₄) and sowing under film + double film mulching + top\|film uncovering after seedling emergence (CK) were set under the natural conditions in the field. The differences between treatments were analyzed by measuring the agronomic characters, growth period, boll formation, yield and quality of cotton in different treatments. The results showed that T₁ treatment had no significant effect on cotton plant height, T₂ and T₄ had little effect on cotton plant height, while T³ significantly reduced cotton plant height and inhibited cotton growth. Additionally, T₁, T₄ and CK treatments significantly reduced the number of weeds, while T₂ and T³ treatments had relatively weak control intensity on the number of weeds. Therefore, the film uncovering mode had a certain effect on the length of cotton growth period and the spatial distribution of yield formation. Besides,T³ significantly reduced cotton yield while other treatments had no significant effect on cotton yield. All treatments had no significant effect on cotton fiber quality development. T₁ helped control the number of weeds and optimize boll distribution and avoid residual film pollution while it had no effect on reduction of plant height, yield and quality. Therefore, the method in the T₁ treatment should be recommended in cotton production.