新疆阿瓦提灌区土壤盐渍化现状及特征分析

运用统计特征值、对应分析等方法，探讨了研究新疆阿瓦提土壤含盐量、盐分化学组成及其空间分布特征。结果发现：区内有50％的土地处于中强盐渍化和盐土状态，且主要为氯化物-硫酸盐型盐渍化；在灌区内土壤盐分随灌溉和排水而呈现季节性变化，但整体上处于脱盐状态。区内土壤盐渍化是在自然和人类活动共同作用下形成的，通过节水灌溉、合理开发地下水、完善灌排系统等措施可有效地改良盐渍土。

Principal component analysis of soil salinization in Awati irrigation areas of Xingjiang

The content, chemical components and spatial distribution characteristics of soil salt in Awati irrigation areas of Xinjiang were investigated by using statistical characteristic value and correspondence analysis. The results showed that about 50 % of land is middle-strong salinized or salt soil, and the primary salt type is chlorinate-sulfate. In the irrigated areas, the soil salinity changes seasonally and decreases as a whole along with the process of irrigation and drainage. The reasons for soil salinization include natural factors and human activities. Water-saving irrigation, rational groundwater exploitation and improved irrigation and drainage systems are effective measures to control soil salinization.