1985~1990年我国小麦条锈菌生理专化研究

 本文报道了1985~1990年对我国小麦条锈菌8446个标样的监测结果。对发现的条中29号和洛13、洛10类群等进行了广泛研究。反映了这一时期我国条锈菌的变化,1988年前条中25号仍居首位,出现频率在19.3~27.5%,其次为23号(15.1~18.4%),26号(10.9~17.3%);1988年起,条中29号跃居为优势(28.0%),1989和1990年达40.3%和30.8%,25、23和26号等小种均下降到4%以下,进入了以29和28号为代表的洛13和洛10类群为主体的阶段。对条锈病流行和抗锈育种产生了重要影响。

ON THE PHYSIOLOGIC SPECIALIZATION OF STRIPE RUST OF WHEAT IN CHINA DURING 1985~1990

This is a report of the physiological specialization of stripe rust of wheat in China during 1985~1990.8446 samples were collected and identified on 16 differential hosts, namely Trigo Eureka, Fulhard, Lutescens 128, Mentana, Virgilio, Abbondanza, Early preminum, Funo, Ju-bilejina 2, Fengchan 3, Lovrin 13, Kanguin 655, Shuiyuan 11, Zhong 4 and Lovrin 10. During 1985~1987, the percentages of occurrence of race CY25 were 91.3~27.5%, while those of the less important races CY23 and CY26 were 15.1%~18.4% and 10.9%~17.3% respectively. Since 1988, the race CY29 which is the most virulent race to the current cultivars has become thedominant one in China. The percentages of this race were 28.0%, 40.3%, 30.8% during 1988~1990. The races CY28, Lovrin 13 types and Lovrin 10 types were also virulent to the current cultivars. The percentaes of less important race CY25, CY23 and CY26 reduced to less than 4%. Breeding wheat for the resistance to the races CY29, CY28, Lovrin 13 types and Lovrin 10 types of stripe rust is urgently needed.