苹果黑星病菌中国菌株生物学特性研究

 苹果黑星病菌(Venturia inaequalis(Cooke) Wint.)适合生长的培养基有苹果叶汁、苹果果汁、麦芽浸渍物、PSA、PDA、V8和马铃薯麦芽糖;适合产孢的培养基有苹果叶汁、V8和PSA。菌落生长和产孢适宜的pH值为5.0~6.5,温度为15~20℃。在碳源和氮源中,蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、酵母提取物、硝酸钠和牛肉膏有利于病菌生长和产孢,硫酸铵抑制产孢,草酸铵抑制菌落的生长和产孢。20℃时,光周期为12 h,光照强度为600 lx条件下有利于病菌在PSA培养基上生长和产孢,其产孢量约为黑暗条件下的13倍。病菌分生孢子在水滴中萌发的适宜温度为20~25℃,最适pH值为5.0~6.5

Biological characteristics of Chinese strain of Venturia inaequalis

Biological characteristics of V. inaequalis (Cooke) Wint. had been preliminarily studied. Optimal mediums for V. inaequalis growth were apple leaf juice agar, apple fruit juice agar, malt extract agar, PSA, PDA, V8 medium and potato maltose agar medium. For mycelial growth of V. inaequalis, optimal range of pH was 5.0-6.5, and temperature was 15-20℃. Among the tested carbon and nitrogen resources, sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose, yeast extract, sodium nitrate and beef extract were beneficial for mycelial growth and sporulation. Ammonium sulfate suppressed the sporulation. Ammonium oxalate suppressed growth and sporulation of the pathogen. Light intensity (600 lx) with fluorescent light for 12 h photoperiod had significant effect on mycelial growth and sporulation on PSA medium at 20℃. The sporulation was 13 times as that under dark. For conidial germination in water drop, optimal range of temperature was 20-25℃, and pH was 5.0-6.5.