β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性与大豆对疫霉根腐病抗性的关系

 为了明确β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶与大豆抗疫霉根腐病的关系,测定了不同抗性大豆品种接种大豆疫霉菌后β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性的变化情况和2种酶对大豆疫霉菌的抑制作用。结果表明,大豆疫霉菌能诱导大豆β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶的活性增强,但2种酶在积累速度和幅度上,抗病品种和感病品种有显著的差异。与感病品种"857-1"相比,抗病品种"垦农4号"2种酶活性不仅升高的速度快、幅度大,且高活性维持的时间长。β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶混合液对大豆疫霉菌的菌丝生长、孢子囊形成和孢子萌发的抑制作用明显,其次是β-1,3-葡聚糖酶,而几丁质酶对大豆疫霉菌的抑制作用不明显。表明大豆对大豆疫霉根腐病的抗性与β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶的活性呈正相关关系。β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶混合对大豆疫霉菌的抑制具有协同增效作用。

Relationship between activities of β-1, 3-glacanase and chitinase and resistance to phytophthora root rot in soybean

To realize the correlation between activities of β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase induced by Phytophthora sojae and resistance of soybean to phytophthora root rot, the activities of the two enzymes after inoculation and their inhibition to P. sojae in soybean were studied. The results showed that the activities in soybean were increased by infection of P. sojae, but the increase in activities was faster and higher, and lasted longer in a resistant variety than that in susceptible varieties. β-1, 3-glucanase and the mixture of β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase presented obvious inhibition to mycelia growth, sporangia formation and spore germination. Inhibition of the mixture was significantly higher than that of single β-1,3-glucanase. Single chitinase showed no clear inhibition to P. sojae. The results suggested that β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase could be induced by P. sojae and the relationship between the activities of the two enzymes and the resistance of soybean was positive. β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase had synergistic interaction.