荔枝炭疽病菌生物学特性的研究

 本文主要研究了温度、湿度、pH值、光照、营养对荔枝炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.)生长、产孢和孢子萌发的影响。该菌菌丝生长的温度范围为8~38℃,最适28℃;产生分生孢子的温度范围为12~36℃,最适28~32℃;分生孢子萌发的温度范围为8~38℃,最适28~32℃。在pH 3~10的范围内该菌均能生长和产孢,菌丝生长最适pH 5~6;产生分生孢子最适pH3~4,分生孢子萌发最适pH 6~7。分生孢子在饱和湿度或水滴中萌发快,相对湿度低于85%时不能萌发。光照处理对该菌生长发育无显著性影响。葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖对分生孢子萌发有促进作用。分生孢子的致死温度为50℃ 10 min,菌丝体的致死温度为60℃ 30 min。

Biological characteristics of the pathogenic fungus causing anthracnose of litchi

The effect of temperature, pH, light, carbon source and moisture on the mycelial growth, sporulation and conidial germination of litchi anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.)was primarily studied. For the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the range of temperature was 8-38℃, the optimum being 28℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 5-6. For the sporulation, the range of temperature was 12-36℃, the optimum being 28-32℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 3-4. For the conidial germination, the range of temperature was 8-38℃, the optimum being 28-32℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 6-7. The treatment of darkness with fluorescent light or with alternative fluorescent did not have significant effect on the mycelial growth, sporulation or conidial germination. When relative humidity reached 100% or in water, the percentage of conidial germination was highest. The glucose, sucrose, maltose or fructose could promote the conidial germination. The lethal temperature for the spores was 50℃ remaining 10 minutes, while the lethal temperature for the mycelium was 60℃ remaining 30 minutes.