利用小麦内生细菌防治小麦全蚀病的初步研究

植物内生细菌是指能定殖在健康植物组织内，并与植物建立了和谐关系的一类细菌。内生细菌对植物的益生作用主要表现为促进植物生长、抑制植物病原物、增加植物的抗逆性和他感作用等几个方面。小麦全蚀病（wheat take-all）作为一种世界毁灭性病害，目前，由于缺乏抗病品种和有效的化学防治药剂，所以利用微生物之间的拮抗作用来控制小麦全蚀病危害具有广阔的应用前景。本研究通过从小麦里分离出内生细菌，从中筛选出对小麦全蚀病菌具有拮抗作用的菌株，在研究其拮抗机制和定殖作用基础上，对其防治小麦全蚀病的作用进行了初步研究。

Control of wheat take-all by endophytic bacteria isolated from wheat

Fifty six endophytic bacteria strains were isolated from the roots of wheat, and one strain named G-32 was screened with antagonism on pathogenic fungi of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Preliminary characterization indicated that G-32 was belonged to Bacillus cereus. The inhibitory action to the fungi was as-sayed in lab by using the fermentable extracts of antagonistic endophytic bacteria. The results showed that my-celium of G. graminis var. tritici growed slowly and the biomass reduced 89% compared with the control 6 d after inoculation. The hyphae were deformative which broke into pieces. Colonization was studied with dual-resistant label which suggested that the endophytic bacteria strain could colonize in the root systems of wheat. The control efficacy with G-32 strain against the disease of the wheat take-all in pot tests was better than that of common used chemical fungicide Diniconazole.