枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌物质对镰刀菌抑制机理的镜下研究

 将枯草芽孢杆菌B-903菌株液体培养72h后,将培养滤液高温灭菌,以不同比例将培养滤液加入镰刀菌孢子悬浮液中,置于扫描电镜和光学显微镜下定时观察。在处理12h后,镰刀菌孢子芽管顶端、菌丝末端及菌丝中央的多处细胞均可发生畸形的球状结构,这种畸变结构随处理时间延长而增加,致使菌丝变成捻珠状。处理36h后,畸变球形细胞及菌丝纷纷断裂离解,细胞内含物渗出,致使大部分细胞成为空泡。到处理48h后,镜下几乎无完整菌丝,均成单个的球状细胞空泡,这些空泡最终胞壁崩裂,不复存在。笔者认为正是枯草芽孢杆菌在生活过程中分泌到体外的抗高温代谢物对镰刀菌孢子和菌丝细胞的这种畸变作用造成拖子和菌丝失活,侵染能力丧失。

SURVEY ON THE ANTIFUNGAL MECHANISM OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS COHEN TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

The spore suspension of F. oxysporum treated by culture filtrate of B. subtilis B-903 strain was cultured at 30℃,then observed at regular intervals under the scanning microscope and normal microscope. It was show that some cells of hyphas and spore tudes began to dilate and become to deformed spherical structure when cultured for 12 hours,and more and more of the deformed cell and larger and larger of dilate cell with the increace of culture time,so that the hyphas seem to forrn sorne strings of beads. 36 hours later,deformed spherical cells seperated each other and hyphas broke in many small segments,the cytoplasm oozed out of the cells so as to most of cells become to empty. Then the cell wall of these separated empty cells disintegrated and hyphas collapsed after treated for 48 hours. It is the action which B. subtilis culture filtrat deform the spore and hypha cell that forfelt the epidemic capbility of F. oxysporum and the control effect can be obtained in the fields.