苏南五地(市)主要蔬菜作物的病毒种类、区域分布和发生趋势

 苏南地处我国东南沿海长江三角州中心。为明确该地蔬菜作物病毒病种类和发生趋势,采用分子生物学核酸检测的方法,对2018年5月至2019年12月,采自江苏南京、无锡、镇江、苏州和常州主要蔬菜作物的232份疑似病毒病样品进行检测鉴定,共检出12种病毒。其中,南京检出7种病毒,无锡检出4种,镇江检出2种,苏州检出6种,常州检出7种。茄科蔬菜中检出11种病毒,葫芦科蔬菜中检出9种,豆科蔬菜中检出7种,以辣椒轻斑驳病毒(pepper mild mottle virus, PMMoV)、番茄褪绿病毒(tomato chlorosis virus, ToCV)、番茄花叶病毒(tomato mosaic virus, ToMV)、瓜类褪绿黄化病毒(cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, CCYV)、番茄黄化曲叶病毒(tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV)和辣椒脉黄化病毒(pepper vein yellow virus, PeVYV)检出率最高。鉴定的南方番茄病毒(southern tomato virus, STV)、烟草扭脉病毒(tobacco vein distorting virus, TVDV)、烟草轻型绿花叶病毒(tobacco mild green mosaic virus, TMGMV)和PeVYV在江苏省属首次报道。检测发现,苏南五地(市)蔬菜作物中普遍存在多种病毒复合侵染现象,有的多达5种病毒复合侵染,PMMoV与其他病毒的复合侵染出现频率高且分布范围较广。研究结果有助于了解苏南五地(市)蔬菜作物主要病毒病的种类、分布和发生趋势,为病害防控提供科学依据。

Geographical distribution and frequency of virus species infecting main vegetable crops in southern Jiangsu

Located in the center of the Yangtze River in the southeastern coast of China, the South Jiangsu area has fertile soil and plentiful rainfall, and vegetable production is an important industry in this region. Virus diseases on the vegetables in this area are frequent and serious. However, little has been done on the systemic investigation of species and trends of vegetable viruses in the South Jiangsu area. This study adopts the method of viral nucleic acid detection. From May 2018 to December 2019, 232 suspected virus-infected samples were collected from five main vegetable crops in Nanjing, Wuxi, Zhenjiang, Suzhou and Changzhou. Among a total of 12 detected virus species, seven were detected in Nanjing, four in Wuxi, two in Zhenjiang, six in Suzhou, and seven in Changzhou. Eleven viruses were found in Solanaceae vegetables, nine in Cucurbitaceae vegetables and seven in Leguminous vegetables. Among them, pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and pepper vein yellow virus (PeVYV) were detected most frequently. In addition, the Southern tomato virus (STV), tobacco vein distorting virus (TVDV), tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) and PeVYV identified in this study were the first time reported in Jiangsu province. At the same time, multiple virus infections were prevalent in vegetable crops, and up to 5 virus infections have been found in the tested samples, among which PMMoV and other viruses have a high frequency and a variety of mixed infections. The findings of this study provide an important basis for understanding the types, distribution and occurrence trends of major vegetable viral diseases in southern Jiangsu and for the development of effective surveillance and control measures.