我国干旱半干旱地区气候变化及其影响

全球气候变化正在直接或间接地对自然生态系统和人类经济社会产生影响,而干旱、半干旱地区的生态系统非常脆弱,对气候变化异常敏感,通过对我国干旱半干旱地区气候变化及影响研究,认为在近50年我国干旱半干旱地区气温上升了1.8℃、降水增多29mm、地表蒸发加大、径流量减少、水资源供求矛盾加剧;农业结构调整,绿洲灌溉区农作物气候产量提高,雨养旱作区农作物产量减少;部分草原生产力下降,病虫害加剧;沙尘暴总体呈减少趋势,但局部地区由于气温升高,土壤水分耗减加速,风沙活动加剧;农业、航空、建筑、渔业、交通、工业均受到影响。

Climatic change and influence in arid and semi-arid area of China

The global climate change directly or indirectly influences the natural ecosystems and human economy and society.The ecosystem is quite fragile and sensitive to climate change in the arid and semi-arid area.There are some features in the region,such as temperature rising,precipitation increasing,surface transpiration increasing,runoff reducing,water resources supply and demand contradictory aggravating,the agricultural restructuring,crops climate output enhancing in the oasis irrigation area,crop yield reducing in rain feed region,grassland productivity dropping,plant disease intensifying,the sand storm reducing and so on.The agriculture,the aviation,the building,the fishery,the transportation,the industry will be affected.