新疆平原湖泊最优运行水位评价指标体系初探

上世纪中叶以来,在人类活动和气候变化的双重影响下,新疆大多数平原湖泊咸化、萎缩甚至干涸,湖泊生态环境严重恶化。近十年以来,在全球气候普遍变暖的情况下,新疆气候逐渐向暖湿转变1],气温升高、降水增加,部分湖泊水域又呈扩大趋势,给湖泊水资源的可持续利用带来新的挑战。如何确定湖泊最优运行水位,是实现湖泊水资源可持续利用的首要问题。本文旨在通过总结与分析影响新疆平原湖泊水位的因素及湖泊水位变化对湖区生态环境和社会济发展的影响,来构建新疆平原湖泊最优运行水位的评价指标体系。

Study on the Assessment System about Optimal Operating Level of Lakes in Plain Area in Xinjiang

Since the middle of last century, under the dual impact of human activity and climate change, the lakes in plain area of Xinjiang salinized, shrinked or drought, the environment around lakes worsed too. For nearly a decade, in the case of global climate warming, the climate has gradually changed to a warm and wet in Xinjiang. Lake water also shows a tendency to expand, new challenges has been brought to the sustainable use of water resources. How to determine the optimal operalion level of the lake water is the most important issue to achieve sustainable use of water resources in the lake. The aim of this article is to sum and analysis the factors which affect the lakes and the impacts on the social and economic development which has been brought by the change of lake water, and to construct the evaluation index system about optimal operation level of lake in plain area in xinjiang.