银川平原湖沼的历史变迁与今后利用方向

在地质时期和人类历史时期内,银川平原湖沼经历了缩小—扩大—缩小的复杂过程。这种变化受到地面沉降、黄河泛滥、泥沙淤积、气候波动等多种自然因素的影响。而自汉代引黄灌区开发以来,湖沼变迁主要与不同时期灌区的开发活动相关。新中国成立后,大量渠间洼地湖疏干成田,利大于弊。但现存的构造湖、扇缘湖和部分牛轭湖,则应严加保护,因地制宜地合理开发,用于发展水产、旅游,并充分发挥其在平原生态系统中的综合效应。

THE HISTORICAL CHANGES AND FUTURE UTILIZATION OF LAKES IN YINCHUAN

In geologic and historical times, the lakes in Yinchuan Plain have experienced a series of complicated processes from shrinkage--expansion-- contraction, which resulted from the influences of natural factors such as earth subsidence, overflow of Yellow River, silt deposit, climatic fluctua- tion, etc.. Since the development of the Yellow River Irrigated areas from Han Dynasty (206B. C--A. D. 220), the changes of the lakes were mainly interrelated with human activities. After the founding of the P. R. China in 1949,large numbers of lowland lakes between irrigation canals have been transformed into farmland,from which the advantages were over the disadvantages.However,the present existing tectonic lakes,fan-fringing lakes and some of the oxbow lakes should be effectively protected and intelligently utilized in line with local conditions for the development of aquaculture and tourism,and for their integrated efficacy in the Yinchuan Plain ecosystem.