渭河流域陕西段近50年生态环境演变

渭河是陕西的"母亲河",其中下游的关中平原是中华民族的发祥地之一,开发历史久远。随着人类对水资源开发利用的增大,流域生态环境遭到破坏,生态灾害频繁发生。通过对该流域各地理要素近50年的分析比较得出,该流域的生态问题主要有水资源短缺、水污染严重、下游河道淤积、水土流失严重、土壤盐碱化、洪涝灾害突出等。同时各生态问题之间有相互关联性、积累性等特点。该流域的经济发展应从改善现有的生态环境问题出发,从公众意识、水利建设、水污染治理、水土保持等方面入手,根据该流域资源特点发展流域经济,使经济走可持续发展之路。

The Evolution of the Ecological Environment in Shaanxi Part of Weihe River Basin in Recent 50 Years

Weihe River is the "mother river" in Shaanxi Province.The Guanzhong plain is in the middle and lower reaches of weihe River,which is one of the birthplaces to the Chinese nation.Its development history is long.The ecological environment is destroyed and the ecological calamities are frequent.Based on the analysis and comparison to the geographical elements in the recent 50 years,the ecological problems including mainly water resource shortage,water pollution serious,the river silt in the lower Weihe River,the water and soil loss,soil salinization,flooding and drought disaster,and so on.Meanwhile,the questions are relatied each other and accumulated.The economic development in this basin must be set up on the basis of improving ecological environment.The economy in the Weihe River basin should develop according to the peoples realization,water conservancy project,water pollution administer, soil and water conservation,in order to take the road to the sustainable development.