渭干河——库车河三角洲绿洲的水资源问题与农业节水潜力分析

建立节水型社会是我国的一项基本政策,也是解决渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲水资源问题可持续利用的战略选择。渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲水资源开发利用中存在的问题:主要由于社会、经济的发展及不合理的用水导致水资源短缺、水资源过度开发,水资源利用效率低、生态环境恶化等。渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲是典型的灌溉农业区,农业灌溉大部分仍采用粗放型的宽河大渠输水、田间大水漫灌方式,灌溉定额普遍偏高,农业节水潜力很大。本文重点定量分析了该绿洲农业用水效益、农业节水潜力,建议农业节水的途径及节水灌溉技术应从骨干工程改造节水、中低产田改造节水、降低地下水位节水、改造作物灌溉制度节水、加强管理节水等几个方面进行。最后提出渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲水资源可持续利用的对策措施。

Analysis on Water-saving Potentiality and the Issue of Water Resources in the WeiGan KuChe River Delta Oasis

It is a basic policy of our country to set up water-saving society,strategic choice to solve the sustainable utilization of water resources of the storehouse in WeiGan-KuChe river delta oasis.This text analyzed main problem: water resources shortage,water resources over exploitation because of the society,economic development and unreasonable use.The utilization efficiency of water resources is low,such questions as the ecological environment worsens.WeiGan-KuChe river delta oasis is typical irrigation farming region,agricultural irrigation majority adopt extensive wide river heavy canal inputing water,flood irrigation is the main way so water-saving potentiality is very great.This text analyzes quantitativly the benefit of agricultural water of oasis,agriculture water-saving potentiality.