阴山北麓地区景观格局变化研究

运用中国科学院遥感所承担国家土地资源调查成果数据对阴山北麓地区 1 995 -2 0 0 0年景观格局变化进行了分析。景观指数选取了 1 2个。结果表明 ,阴山北麓地区耕地面积呈增加的趋势 ,草地呈减少的趋 ,其变化显著 ,林地面积略有增加 ,但在地区景观中的比例仍非常小 ,未利用土地面积增加较快 ;整体景观的破碎度略有下降 ,多样性指数增加 ,景观类型间的差异增大 ,景观优势度降低 ,均匀度增加 ,草地的优势度下降 ,耕地和未利用土地的优势度增加 ,景观向均衡化发展。分析表明 ,阴山北麓地区以耕地和草地景观为主 ,呈现农牧交错区的典型特点 ,农林牧用地比约为 1∶0 1 4∶4。对面积和分维数关系分析表明 :随面积的增加 ,耕地分维数呈波浪式增加。

The Temporal and Spatial Change of Landscape Pattern in the Northern Foot of Yinshan Mountain

Based on the data of the land resources in vestigation of whole country by the R emote Sense Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the temporal and spatial change of landscape patterns of the northern foot of the Yinshan mountain in 1995 and 2000 were analyzed.Landscape index method was used in the analysis,and 12 indices were selected.During 1995-2000,the farmland area increased,and grassland area decreased remarkably.Wood land area was very small and increased a little while unused land area grew rapidly.The growing landscape diversity index showed that differences among all the landscape types increased while landscape dominance index decreased and the increase of evenness index indicated that the dominance degree of the grassland dropped and the whole landscape developed towards evenness.Farmland and grassland were main landscape types,which was one of the typical characters of the interlace agro-pastoral region, and the ratio of the farmland,grassland and forestry land was 1∶0.14∶4.The relations between the fractal dimension and the landscape area were also analyzed ,and it was found that the fractal dimension of the farmland had a fluctuant rise with the increase of the farmland area.