南疆水面蒸发量研究

南疆位于新疆南部,降水稀少、蒸发强烈,水面蒸发是河川径流水量损失的主要组成部分。农业是经济的主要支柱和优势产业,而南疆的农业是灌溉农业,渠系众多,水面蒸发量损失较大,合理地预测水面蒸发量是有效利用水资源和促进农业发展的基础。利用南疆近30年来的气象资料,分析了南疆的月平均气温、湿度、水汽压等与月水面蒸发量的关系,结果表明气温和月水面蒸发量相关性均较好,可建立用气温资料预测水面蒸发量的模型。通过随机选取的测站月气温资料对模型进行了验证,计算结果表明模型误差小,模型有实用价值。

A Study on Water Surface Evaporation in Southern Xinjiang

In southern part of Xinjiang the precipitation is low and evaporation is high evaporation from water surface is the main water loss of river runoff.Agriculture is the main economic sector and superiority propertyin Xinjiang,and it depends on irrigation.Because of canal system,evaporation from water surface is high,scientific forecast evaporation from water surface is a foundation for how to effectively use water resources and promote agriculture development.The relationships between average air temperature,humidity every month etc and evaporation from water surface every month were analysized by using thirty years meteorological phenomena of the southern part in Xinjiang,the results indicated the relationships were closely related,forecast model of evaporation from water surface was built.The model was not only more reasonable and clear in terms of theory and mechanism but also the lowest error feasible in practice and better than others.