华北平原地下水资源功能衰退与恢复途径研究

相对20世纪50年代末,至本世纪华北平原地下水总开采量由不足100×108m3/a增至211.98×108m3/a,超出地下水可利用资源量192.31×108m3/a。长期超量开采和不合理的开采布局,使地下水水位持续下降、含水层疏干体积不断增加,地下水位降落漏斗持续扩展,地下水的资源功能不断衰退的同时产生地面沉降、地面塌陷、咸水入侵等环境地质问题。采取农业节水、工业调整开采强度布局、建立应急用水机制、地表水与地下水联合调蓄、本地劣质水资源化等综合举措,修复和涵养华北平原地下水系统势在必行。

Reseach on the groundwater resource-function decline and sustainable exploitation

The groundwater exploitation had fleetly increased from 100×108m3/a to 211.98×108m3/a since 1950s,exceeded the available amount of groundwater in the Huabei Plain.Because of long time extra-exploitation and irrational exploitating distribution,the groundwater table kept descending,the aquifer dried-up volume kept increasing,the cone of groundwater depression kept spreading,so ground-water resource-function declined,and the land subsidence and cave-in,and the salty-water intrusion appeared.In the condition,it is urgent to develop water-saving agriculture,adjust the ditribution of the exploitation intensity,to strike up the system of lash-up groundwater source,and adjust surface water and groundwater combined storage,make the local poor-quality water useful and protect the groundwater resource.