乌拉盖河及其主要支流的水资源评价与合理利用的探讨

乌拉盖河是内蒙古高原最大的一条内流河，发源于大兴安岭山地，向西流经乌珠穆沁草原中部。水资源充沛而稳定。流域内多年平均径流量为１．１３亿立方米，Ｐ＝５０％保证率年径流量为０．８８亿立方米。根据本流域的中长期发展预测，到２０００年及２０２０年，人口、养畜、农田与草地建设、工业等均有大幅度增长，工农牧业产值将由２．８亿元达到２０００年的５．４亿元及２０２０年的１９．５亿元。按照合理的用水定额和水资源供需平衡分析，预计到２０００年，总需水量将达到０．６８亿立方米；到２０２０年，总需水量１．２亿立方米。因此，本流域的发展中，必须多方开发各项水资源，合理用水，节约用水，科学管理水资源。使乌拉盖河成为草原区可持续发展的资源与环境保障。

STUDY ON WATER RESOURCES ASSESSMENT AND REASONABLE USE OF WULAGAI RIVER AND ITS MAIN TRIBUTARY

The Wulagai river is the first continental river on the Inner Mongolia Plateau.Tt rises in the DaxinganLin Mts,Flows southwest to the Wuzhumuqin basin.In the Wulagai river basin,annual average runoff volume is 113 million m 3.The runoff volume,rate of guarantee P=50% is 88 million m 3.In the forecast of development from this basin,population,animal husbandry,farmland,grassland and industry will increase considerablly by the 2000 and 2020 years.The total output value of industry,agriculture and animal husbaandry,which is 280 million yuan(RMB),will get to 540 million yuan by 2000 year and 1.95 billion yuan by 2020 year.In accordance with the quota of water demand and balance between supply and demand of water resources,the total water demand will get to 68 million m 3 by 2000 year and 120 million m 3 by 2020 year.For this reason,in the course of the development of Wulagai river basin,water resources have to be developed in many ways,using it rationally,economizing it,managing it scientifically.Thus Wulagai river will become resource and environment guarantees of sustainable development in Wuzhumuqin steppe region. \ \