乡村地域主导功能的转型与乡村发展阶段的划分

乡村地域功能是乡村地域对促进区域经济、社会、文化发展以及生态环境保护所承担的职能,它与城市地域功能在一定程度上实现了广义上的"地域分工"。乡村地域功能是客观存在的,但在不同的经济发展阶段下,不同功能的相对价值则有差异,文中在对乡村地域功能进行定义的基础上,对其各功能的特征进行了阐述。同时在钱纳里一般标准工业化模型的框架下,分析了在不同工业化发展阶段城市地域功能与乡村地域功能的转型轨迹,并以此将乡村发展阶段划分为维持生计型,产业驱动型与多功能主导型三个阶段。按照新修订一般工业化发展阶段的划分标准,2009年中国总体上处于产业驱动型乡村发展阶段,若干大都市区的郊区已进入了多功能主导型乡村发展阶段,也有一些省区乡村仍将长时间的处于产业驱动型乡村发展阶段。

The transition of rural territorial leading function and the classification of rural development stages

Rural territoriy takes on some functions for promoting economy,social,culture and environmental protection,which is rural territorial function.It and urban territorial function accomplish geographic division in a broad sense.Rural territorial function is objective existence but relative value of every function is various in different developing stages.Defining rural territorial function in this paper elaborates characteristics of every function.Based on model of division of stage of socio-economic development proposed by H.B Chenery,we analyzed transition locus of urban and rural territorial functions and classified rural development stages as subsistence-based,industry-driven and multifunction-leading.According to new criterion for classifying industrialization development stage,China’s rural is at industry-driven rural development stages overall,suburbs in some metropolitans are at multifunction-leading stage but many rural areas in some provinces and autonomous regions are at subsistence-based stage for a long time.