外来杂草在海南的危害及病害调查

对海南13种外来杂草展开调查,其中分布广泛、危害最为严重的是飞机草和假臭草。在9种外来杂草上共分离获得17种真菌,分别是侵染假臭草的链隔孢（Alternaria sp.）、镰刀菌（Fusarium sp.）,侵染飞机草的飞机草泽兰尾孢（Cerospora eupatorii Peck.）、炭疽菌（Colletotrichum sp.）和链格孢（Alternaria sp.）,侵染蟛蜞菊的链隔孢（Alternaria sp.）和炭疽菌（Colletotrichum sp.）,侵染空心莲子草的假隔链格孢（Nimbya alternantherae）和镰刀菌（Fusarium sp.）,侵染小飞蓬的弯孢（Curvularia sp.）和链格孢（Alternaria sp.）,侵染阔叶丰花草和胜红蓟的弯孢（Curvularia sp.）,侵染三叶鬼针草的弯孢（Curvularia sp.）和黑孢霉（Nigrospora sphaerica）,侵染凤眼莲的链格孢（Alternaria sp.）和炭疽菌（Colletotrichum sp.）。

Pathogens of Exotic Weeds in Hainan Province

Based on the investigation of exotic weeds in Hainan Province,Eupatorium odoratum and Eupatorium catarium were widely spreaded and caused the most serious damages.Seventeen species of pathogens from 9 exotic weeds were isolated.They were Alternaria sp.and Fusrium sp.infecting Eupatorium catarium,Cerospora eupatorii,Colletotrichum sp.and Alternaria sp.infectious to Eupatorium odoratum,Alternaria sp.and Colletotrichum sp.infecting Wedelia trilobata,Nimbya alternantherae and Fusrium sp.infectious to Alternanthera philoxeroides,Curvularia sp.and Alternaria sp.infecting Erigeron canadensis,Curvularia sp.infectious to Spermacoce latifolia Aubl,Curvularia sp.infecting Ageratum conyzoides,Curvularia sp.and Nigrospora sphaerica infectious to Bidens pilosa,and Alternaria sp.and Colletotrichum sp.infecting Eichhornia crassipes.