栽培措施对杂草稻和栽培稻生长的影响

无论何种杂草稻密度和移栽措施下,杂草稻生长受到明显抑制,栽培稻生长没有受到明显影响,移栽不仅较好地抑制了杂草稻的发生,同时保证水稻产量,使产量达到3 496.65 kg/hm2。旱直播对杂草稻出苗率影响较小,造成杂草稻密度过高,栽培稻产量严重降低,较移栽下降了1 011.15 kg/hm2。水直播对杂草稻出苗抑制作用要明显优于旱直播,使得杂草稻出苗率较旱直播下降9.14%,但是水直播对杂草稻出苗后的生长抑制不明显,使得杂草稻发生量达到1 219.35 kg/hm2,栽培稻产量仅为1 829.85 kg/hm2。随着杂草稻密度的增大,对自身种群的影响主要表现为个体地上部分干生物量显著降低和抽穗时间的推迟;其对栽培稻的影响主要表现在栽培稻剑叶宽、分蘖数、有效穗数、地上部分干生物量、穗长、每穗饱粒数、每穗总粒数、千粒重和实际产量等方面随着杂草稻密度的增加而逐渐降低。综合考虑各方面因素,可以在杂草稻发生较为严重的田块使用移栽措施,在杂草稻发生中等的田块使用水直播措施,并且适当提高栽培稻播种量。在杂草稻发生较少的田块使用旱直播措施,从而达到成本和收益的平衡。

Influence of Different Cultivation Measures on the Growth of Weedy Rice and Cultivated Rice

The results show that the growth of weedy rice is inhibited seriously but cultivated rice grows vigorously under transplanting measure and any density of weedy rice.The cultivated rice yield is guaranteed(up to 3 496.65 kg/hm2) and weedy rice is inhibited well by transplanting.Under dry direct seeding,because the weedy rice germinates well,the density of weedy rice is high and the yield of cultivated rice decreases by 1 011.15 kg/hm2 compared with transplanting.The inhibited influence of water direct seedin...