加拿大一枝黄花防除化学药剂的筛选及其应用效能

为获得防除加拿大一枝黄花的有效药剂,揭示化学防治的主要特征,采用单一药剂、单一药剂+助剂、混合药剂及触杀型+内吸型药剂4种药剂处理方式进行田间药效试验。结果表明,25%环嗪酮可溶液剂7 500mL/hm~2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐水剂6 000mL/hm~2+有机硅300g/hm~2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油750mL/hm~2+20%草铵膦水剂8 740mL/hm~2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐水剂6 000mL/hm~2+20%草铵膦水剂8 740mL/hm~2对加拿大一枝黄花的防效显著。施药35d后,株防效均达到100.00%,地上部分鲜重防效分别达到80.2%、90.4%、83.0%和88.9%。除25%环嗪酮可溶液剂致植株根腐效果不佳外,其余3种药剂组合地下部分鲜重防效均达到70%以上,可作为加拿大一枝黄花防除的典型药剂进行推广。组合药剂喷施方式表明,内吸型和触杀型药剂喷施顺序不同,对加拿大一枝黄花的防除效果存在明显差异。以单一药剂最大剂量防除加拿大一枝黄花的效果显示,喷施大剂量单一药剂不一定能明显提高防治效果。

Screening of herbicides against Solidago canadensis L. and its control effects on the weed

Field experiments were conducted to figure out the effective herbicides against Solidago canadensis L. and the control effect of different treatments (single herbicide, single herbicide + adjuvant, mixed herbicides and contact type + internal suction type herbicide). The results showed that hexazinone 25% SL 7 500 mL/hm2, glyphosate-isopropylammonium 41% AS 6 000 mL/hm2+organosilicon 300 g/hm2, fluroxypyr 20% EC 750 mL/hm2+glufosinate 20% AS 8 740 mL/hm2 and glyphosate-isopropylammonium 41% AS 6 000 mL/hm2+ glufosinate 20% AS 8 740 mL/hm2 showed remarkable control efficacy with 100.00% of effect for plant number, 80.2%, 90.4%, 83.0% and 88.9% of effect for fresh weight of the ground part, respectively 35 days after application. Except the hexazinone 25% SL had a poor control effect on root rot of the plant, the other three herbicides combinations were all showed a control efficacy of over 70% on the fresh weight of ground part, suggested which can be recommended for the control of S. canadensis. The different spray order of herbicide combinations lead to significant difference in the effect. A single herbicide with high concentration was not recommended for S. canadensis control.