12种杀虫剂对日本通草蛉不同虫态的毒力及安全性评价

为明确常见杀虫剂对日本通草蛉各虫态的影响,在室内分别采用浸渍法和喷雾法测定了12种(8类)杀虫剂对日本通草蛉卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的毒性,并评价了杀虫剂对日本通草蛉的毒性风险。结果表明,高效氯氰菊酯对日本通草蛉为极高风险,毒死蜱、吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺和阿维菌素为高风险,溴氰虫酰胺、啶虫脒和氯虫苯甲酰胺为中等风险,噻嗪酮、吡蚜酮、螺虫乙酯和甲氧虫酰肼为低风险;与其他虫态相比,12种杀虫剂对日本通草蛉蛹的毒性均为最低。在害虫生物防治及综合治理中应尽量选用对日本通草蛉毒性低的杀虫剂,以起到保护天敌的作用。

Toxicity and safety evaluation of 12 insecticides against Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto)

In order to determine the effects of several commonly used insecticides on Chrysoperla nipponensis, the toxicities and safety factor of twelve insecticides to eggs, the 1st instar larvae, pupae and adults were measured using dip method and spray method, respectively. The toxicity risk of these insecticides to C. nipponensis was also evaluated. The results indicated that beta-cypermethrin showed extremely high risk to C. nipponensis, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, nitenpyram and avermectin showed high risk, cyantraniliprole, acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole showed moderate risk, while buprofezin, pymetrozine, spirotetramat and methoxyfenozide showed low risk. Among the four developmental stages of C. nipponensis, the twelve insecticides showed the lowest toxicity to the pupae. Therefore, to protect C. nipponensis, the insecticides of low toxicity should be used in field.