作物从土壤中吸收、传递和累积农药的研究进展

农药是保障粮食安全的重要农业投入品,施用后部分农药会沉积在土壤中,甚至会被作物根部吸收,进入作物体内并累积于可食部位,从而导致潜在农产品质量安全问题。研究表明,土壤中的有机质含量、农药的辛醇-水分配系数和作物脂质含量是影响作物吸收非离子型农药的关键因素,作物各部位的脂质含量是影响该类农药累积的关键因素,借助蒸腾作用向上传递是作物根部吸收传导农药的主要动力。本文重点综述了农药被作物的根部吸收、传递和累积及其主要影响因素,结合植物吸收模型的发展及运用,展望了该领域未来发展方向,为农药归趋及应用风险研究提供参考。

Advances in the uptake, translocation and accumulation of pesticides in food crops

Pesticides are important to ensure the agricultural food production. After application, pesticides enter soils, and are then further accumulated in crops via root uptake, leading to potential food safety issues. Studies showed that soil organic matter, octanol-water partition coefficient and the crop lipid content are the key factors that affect the uptake of nonionic pesticides by crops. Plant transpiration is the main driving force for pesticide translocation. In this article, the uptake, translocation and accumulation of pesticides from soil by crops and the main influencing factors were reviewed. Based on the development and application of plant uptake models, future research directions in this area are recommended, which will be helpful for improving the pesticide risk assessment and ensuring the food safety.