东亚小花蝽携带绿僵菌防控西花蓟马和烟粉虱的效果评价

天敌昆虫和生防菌的联合应用对害虫防控具有潜在的增效作用。东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri是目前常用的捕食性天敌之一, 被广泛用于温室蓟马、粉虱等害虫的防治。金龟子绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae寄主广泛, 可有效防治多种温室害虫, 且相对安全。为探索东亚小花蝽与金龟子绿僵菌联用的控害效果, 本文在室内和田间条件下研究了二者对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci和西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis的协同控害作用。室内测定结果表明, 绿僵菌孢子悬浮液浓度不大于5×107孢子/mL时, 不会对东亚小花蝽5龄若虫的存活和羽化造成负面影响。室内与温室笼罩条件下, 东亚小花蝽携带绿僵菌的处理能够降低辣椒上的西花蓟马和烟粉虱发生量, 表明东亚小花蝽携带绿僵菌可提高对西花蓟马和烟粉虱的防治效果, 证明了天敌昆虫和生防菌联合应用的可行性, 为生物防治方式多元化应用与推广提供了实践指导。

Evaluation of the combined application of Orius sauteri and Metarhizium anisopliae on controlling Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci

Combined application of natural enemies and bio-control bacteria has potential synergistic effects on pest control. Orius sauteri is a predatory natural enemy widely used for the control of thrips and whiteflies and so on. Metarhizium anisopliae has a wide range of host, which can control a variety of greenhouse pests effectively and is relatively safe. To determine the control effects of combined application of O.sauteri and M. anisopliae , the synergistic effects of the two biological control agents on Bemisia tabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis were investigated under indoor and field conditions. The results showed that M. anisopliae spore suspension at 5×107 spores/mL had no significant impact on the survival and emergence of the 5th instar nymph of O.sauteri. The combined application of O.sauteri and M. anisopliae led to lower pest amounts of F.occidentalis and B.tabaci than individual application in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Therefore, the above results revealed that the combined application of M. anisopliae and O.sauteri enhanced the control effects on F.occidentalis and B.tabaci synergistically. This work also proved that the simultaneous application of the two measures was feasible and provided a guide for the diversified application of biological control methods.