4种种衣剂防治棉花苗期主要病虫害效果及经济效益比较

为明确4种复合型种衣剂对棉花苗期主要病虫害的防治效果和经济效益,以‘新陆早41号’为试材,采用田间小区试验,研究400 g/L福美双·萎锈灵种子处理悬浮剂(FS)、26%多菌灵·福美双·甲基立枯磷FS、25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS和30%噻虫嗪·嘧菌酯·咪鲜胺FS对棉花出苗、苗期立枯病和红腐病、地下害虫、苗期蓟马、蚜虫和产量的影响,分析其防治病虫害的效果及经济效益,以期筛选出田间试验效果最佳的种衣剂。结果表明:播种10 d时4种种衣剂处理的出苗率显著优于对照,较对照增加6.64%~19.23%,播种30 d时4种种衣剂对苗期立枯病和红腐病防治效果分别为30.88%~50.74%和31.13%~59.15%,对棉花地下害虫和蓟马的防治效果分别为39.24%~69.62%和39.12%~63.04%。棉花上蚜虫发生时间推迟1~3 d。400 g/L福美双·萎锈灵FS防病效果最佳,25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS防虫效果最佳。种衣剂处理收获株数较对照增加0.78%~1.11%,增产量为53.70~184.40 kg/hm 2,经济效益为322.20~1106.40元/hm 2,投入产出比为1∶5.65~1∶12.29。综合分析显示,25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS防治苗期病虫害和增产效果较好,具有推广应用价值。

Control effects and economic benefits of four kinds of seed coating formulations on the major diseases and insect pests at the stage of cotton seedling

In order to determine the control effects and economic benefits of four kinds of seed coating formulations on the major diseases and insect pests at the stage of cotton seedling,‘Xinluzao 41’was used as the test material in the field experiment.We investigated the effects of thiram·carboxin 400 g/L FS,carbendazim·thiram·tolclofos-methyl 26%FS,thiamethoxam·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 25%FS and thiamethoxam·azoxystrobin·prochloraz 30%FS on the cotton emergence,cotton Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium moniliforme,underground pests,cotton thrips,aphids and yield,analyzed the control effects on pests and economic benefits to screen out the best seed coating formulation in field experiment.Results showed that the tested four kinds of seed coating formulations significantly increased the seedling emergence rate by 6.64%-19.23%after being sowed for 10 days.The control efficacies of four kinds of seed coating formulations on cotton R.solani and F.moniliforme,underground insects,thrips were 30.88%-50.74%,31.13%-59.15%,39.24%-69.62%and 39.12%-63.04%,respectively.The occurrence time of cotton aphids were delayed by one to three days.Thiram·carboxin 400 g/L FS had the best control effect on the diseases,while thiamethoxam·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 25%FS had the best control effect on the insect pests.After being treated with seed coating formulations,the number of cotton harvested plants was increased by 0.78%-1.11%compared with the control,the increased production was 53.70-184.40 kg/hm 2,economic benefits was 322.20-1106.40 yuan/hm 2,and the input-output ratio was 1∶5.65-1∶12.29.Comprehensive analysis showed that thiamethoxam·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 25%FS was recommended to be popularized and applied for its better effect on controlling diseases and insect pests and increasing cotton yield.