几种杀菌剂对小麦茎基腐病的防治效果

小麦茎基腐病是小麦上重要的真菌性茎基部病害,在黄淮海冬麦区呈广泛流行态势,对我国小麦生产安全构成严重威胁.本研究评价了不同拌种剂、拔节期喷施杀菌剂以及两者结合使用对小麦茎基腐病的防治效果.药剂拌种防治结果表明:60 g/L戊唑醇FS、25 g/L咯菌腈FS和25％氰烯菌酯SC拌种处理能显著降低苗期病株率,其病株防治效果...

Effects of fungicides on Fusarium crown rot of wheat in field

Fusarium crown rot of wheat caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, is a serious fungal disease of wheat. At present, this disease is widely prevalent in Huanghuaihai winter wheat area, which poses a serious threat to the safety of wheat production in China. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the control effect of seed dressing, spraying fungicides at jointing stage and their combination to control Fusarium crown rot of wheat. Seed dressing with tebuconazole 60 g/L FS, fludioxonil 25 g/L FS and phenamacril 25% SC could significantly reduce diseased plants at seedling stage, the control effect was 63.6% - 100%. The control effect of seed dressing with fungicide on disease index of Fusarium crown rot at filling stage was affected by year and place. The seed dressing with phenamacril 25% SC in Kaifeng county in 2018 and in Neihuang county in 2020, difenoconazole 30 g/L FS in Wenxian county in 2019 and in Neihuang county in 2020, and prothioconazole 30% OD in Neihuang county in 2020 could significantly reduce the disease index at filling stage. The results also showed that the phenamacril 25% SC in Wenxian county in 2019 and the difenoconazole 30 g/L FS in Kaifeng county in 2018 decreased the disease index in varying degrees, but did not reach a significant level. The control efficacy of those three fungicides of disease index was 12.8%-85.1% at filling stage, and the yield was increased by 1.2%-13.1%. The results showed that the treatment of carbendazim·triadimefon 30% SC, prothioconazole 30% OD, and carbendazim 50% WP in spraying at jointing stage could significantly reduce the disease index. In the filling stage, the control efficacies of disease index, white head rate, diseased stem rate were 49.5%-59.2%, 9.5%-17.9% and 46.7%-61.4%, respectively, besides prothioconazole 30% OD, the yield increased by 5.0%-6.1%.It is recommended that seed dressing with phenamacril 25% SC or seed dressing with difenoconazole 30 g/L FS combined with carbendazim·triadimefon 30% SC in spraying at jointing stage can effectively reduce the disease index (24.1%-26.0%) and increase the yield (10.0%-15.2%).