禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)原生质体制备与再生的研究

禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)是引起我国小麦纹枯病的主要致病菌。为了建立高效稳定的禾谷丝核菌遗传转化体系,本试验比较研究了不同细胞壁降解酶、酶液浓度、酶处理温度和时间等因素对禾谷丝核菌原生质体制备的影响,利用正交设计试验优化了原生质体再生条件。结果表明,液体培养6d的菌丝,采用15mg/mL溶壁酶+10mg/mL蜗牛酶组成的混合酶液,30℃下酶解4h,可以获得较高的原生质体释放量,可达到3.0×106个/mL;禾谷丝核菌原生质体再生的最佳条件是以SuTC缓冲液作为渗透压稳定剂悬浮原生质体,采用单层混菌法接种于TB3再生培养基,原生质体再生率可达到58.6%。禾谷丝核菌原生质体制备和原生质体再生条件的优化,为深入研究禾谷丝核菌生长发育的分子遗传学基础和进一步探索小麦纹枯病的致病机理奠定了基础。

Protoplast preparation and regeneration of Rhizoctonia cerealis

Rice blast disease seriously influences the quality and production of rice, the main food crop in China. To overcome the easy breakdown of conventional disease resistant transgenic plants, we used HIGS (host induced gene silencing) to create new kind of transgenic rice plants. By transforming HIGS constructs targeting the virulence-related genes of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea into host plants, HIGS could suppress the fungal development and virulence. We chose two important genes in M. oryzae and cloned the specific fragments of the genes for HIGS vector construction. Then we transformed the HIGS constructs into rice. This research lays the foundation for molecular breeding of rice blast resistant varieties.