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中国苹果病害发生与分布现状调查
引用本文:胡清玉,胡同乐,王亚南,王树桐,曹克强.中国苹果病害发生与分布现状调查[J].植物保护,2016,42(1):175-179.
作者姓名:胡清玉  胡同乐  王亚南  王树桐  曹克强
作者单位:1. 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳,110866;2. 内蒙古民族大学农学院,通辽,028000;3. 黑龙江省烟草研究所,牡丹江,157011
基金项目:国家烟草专卖局科技项目 [国烟办综(2010)182号]; 辽宁省烟草专卖局科技攻关项目 [辽烟计(2010)86号]; 中国烟草总公司科技重点项目 [中烟办(2010)221号]
摘    要:本研究于2010-2012年在我国18个省(市、自治区)的1 100个苹果园采用隔行踏查法进行了实地调查。调查内容包括果园面积、品种名称、树龄结构以及各种病害发生情况。调查结果表明,3年间在我国苹果主产区共发现病害50种,其中包括新发现的2种病害:丝核菌叶枯病和炭疽菌叶枯病。通过分析确定了各种病害的严重度,明确了腐烂病、轮纹病、褐斑病和斑点落叶病4种主要病害及苹果锈病等8种中度发生病害的发生程度及区域分布,为各苹果主产省开展病害防控提供了理论依据。

关 键 词:烟草靶斑病菌  东北地区  融合群  致病力  抗病性
收稿时间:2014/11/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:2015/3/26 0:00:00

Survey on the occurrence and distribution of apple diseases in China
Hu Qingyu,Hu Tongle,Wang Yanan,Wang Shutong,Cao Keqiang.Survey on the occurrence and distribution of apple diseases in China[J].Plant Protection,2016,42(1):175-179.
Authors:Hu Qingyu  Hu Tongle  Wang Yanan  Wang Shutong  Cao Keqiang
Institution:1. College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; 2. College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China; 3. Tobacco Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang 157011, China
Abstract:This survey was conducted in major apple producing areas in China from 2010 to 2012, totally 1 100 apple orchards distributed in 18 provinces were included. The acreage, apple varieties, tree age, and the occurrence of diseases were investigated. During the 3-year survey, 50 kinds of diseases were found, including two newly discovered diseases: apple Rhizoctonia leaf blight and Glomerella leaf spot. According to the disease severity and distribution range, Valsa canker (Valsa mali), ring rot (Botryosphaeria dothidea), Marssonina brown spot (Marssonina mali)and Alternaria leaf blotch (Alternaria mali) were confirmed as the most important diseases, and the distribution of the four diseases together with other eight moderate diseases were defined in China apple producing areas. Our results could provide theoretical foundation for disease control in different apple producing regions.
Keywords:Rhizoctonia solani  the Northeast China  anastomosis group  pathogenicity  disease resistance
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