黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型及对甲霜灵敏感性测定

马铃薯晚疫病(late blight)是由致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)引起的马铃薯生产中最具毁灭性的病害,明确晚疫病菌的交配型及对甲霜灵敏感性状况对制定马铃薯晚疫病防治策略具有重要意义。本研究对2011—2013年采自黑龙江省黑河、齐齐哈尔、绥化等马铃薯主产区的晚疫病菌菌株进行交配型及对甲霜灵敏感性测定,采用对峙培养法对153株晚疫病菌进行交配型检测,结果表明,A1交配型79株,占51.63%,A2交配型74株,占48.37%;采用菌落直径法对143株晚疫病菌进行甲霜灵敏感性测定,结果表明,83.92%表现高抗,8.39%表现中抗,7.69%表现敏感。

Mating type and metalaxyl sensitivity test of Phytophthora infestans in Heilongjiang Province

This survey was conducted in major apple producing areas in China from 2010 to 2012, totally 1 100 apple orchards distributed in 18 provinces were included. The acreage, apple varieties, tree age, and the occurrence of diseases were investigated. During the 3-year survey, 50 kinds of diseases were found, including two newly discovered diseases: apple Rhizoctonia leaf blight and Glomerella leaf spot. According to the disease severity and distribution range, Valsa canker (Valsa mali), ring rot (Botryosphaeria dothidea), Marssonina brown spot (Marssonina mali)and Alternaria leaf blotch (Alternaria mali) were confirmed as the most important diseases, and the distribution of the four diseases together with other eight moderate diseases were defined in China apple producing areas. Our results could provide theoretical foundation for disease control in different apple producing regions.