两种平腹小蜂的研究进展

平腹小蜂是一类优良的卵寄生蜂, 是寄生性天敌昆虫中已具有成熟的规模化繁殖技术和田间释放技术, 并成功应用于害虫防治的天敌昆虫之一, 在防治果树蝽类害虫方面效果显著?平腹小蜂的发育学?行为学?生态学?繁殖技术及田间应用技术的研究已有60多年历史, 近年来, 分子生物学和高通量测序手段的应用促进了对平腹小蜂的生理生化基础研究, 研究领域也开始拓宽?本文从分类学?生物学特性?人工繁殖?共生菌?滞育?寄生机制?毒液蛋白和味觉受体基因等方面, 对目前广泛应用于荔枝蝽和茶翅蝽防治的2种平腹小蜂, 麻纹蝽平腹小蜂Anastatus fulloi Sheng &Wang和日本平腹小蜂 Anastatus japonicus Ashmead近30年的研究进展进行归纳和总结, 并对今后的研究方向进行展望, 旨在为平腹小蜂的深入研究和应用技术研发提供参考?

Advances in two species of Anastatus

Anastatus is an excellent egg parasitic wasp, and mature mass rearing and field release technologies have been developed for this wasp. It is one of the few natural enemy insects that have been successfully applied in pest control, and it has a remarkable effect in controlling stink bug in fruit trees. Researches on the development, behavior, ecology, rearing technology and field application technology of Anastatus have been done for more than 60 years. In recent years, with the application of molecular biology and high-throughput sequencing, the research on physiology and biochemistry of Anastatus has been deepened and the research field broadened. Here we summarized the advances of Anastatus fulloi Sheng & Wang and A. japonicus Ashmead, which are widely used in the control of Tessaratoma papillosa and Halyomorpha halys in recent 30 years, mainly focusing on the taxonomy, biological characteristics, mass rearing, symbiotic bacteria, diapause, parasitic mechanism, venom protein and gustatory receptor gene. The controversial problems in the research of Anastatus were proposed, and the prospects for future studies were provided, so as to provide a reference for further research and application of Anastatus.