烟草疫霉与拮抗菌解淀粉芽胞杆菌的代谢表型差异分析

烟草疫霉是引起烟草黑胫病的植物病原菌。笔者前期获得了一株对其有明显拮抗活性的解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。为了评价该菌株作为烟草疫霉生防菌剂的应用潜力，本文采用Biolog代谢表型技术测定并比较了其和烟草疫霉近1000种代谢表型。结果表明，2种微生物的代谢指纹图谱差异较大。烟草疫霉和解淀粉芽胞杆菌分别能代谢74%、41%的供试碳源，96%、77%的供试氮源，98%、86%的供试磷源，100%、69%的供试硫源，分别具有94、91种生物合成途径，72、95种渗透压表型，及95、94种pH代谢表型。烟草疫霉代谢的碳源、氮源、磷源及硫源种类较解淀粉芽胞杆菌多，适应的渗透压环境数量较解淀粉芽胞杆菌少。解淀粉芽胞杆菌能高效代谢，同时烟草疫霉不能或较弱代谢的特征性碳源为D-葡萄糖胺。2种微生物在生物合成途径和pH环境适应力方面的代谢活力相当，均具有脱羧酶和脱氨酶活性。研究结果为解淀粉芽胞杆菌生防菌剂的开发和其防治烟草黑胫病的应用具有一定的参考意义。

Differential Analysis between Phytophthora nicotianae from Tobacco and Its Antagonistic Bacterial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Metabolic Phenotypic Characterization

Phytophthora nicotianae is the phytopathogen that causes tobacco black shank. An antagonistic bacterial isolate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was found in our early study, which presented high inhibition effect on P. nicotianae. In order to assess the potential application of this antagonistic bacterium, the differential analysis of metabolic phenotype between the B. amyloliquefaciens and P. nicotianae were conducted in this study. Results presented that the metabolic fingerprint of these two microorganisms were quite different. P. nicotianae and B. amyloliquefaciens metabolized 74% and 41% of the tested carbon substrates, 96% and 77% of the tested nitrogen substrates, 98% and 86% of the tested phosphorus substrates, 100% and 69% of the tested sulfur substrates, respectively. They had 94 and 91 different biosynthetic pathways, metabolized 72 and 95 different osmolyte, and could metabolize in 95 and 94 different pH environments, respectively. P. nicotianae showed stronger ability than B. amyloliquefaciens in the metabolism numbers of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur substrates, while poorer ability than B. amyloliquefaciens in osmolyte environments. The typical carbon that B. amyloliquefaciens efficiently utilized while not for P. nicotiana was D-glucosamine. They presented nearly equal metabolic abilities in both biosynthetic pathways and pH environments. They both had decarboxylase activities and deaminase activities. These results provided some valuable foundation for developing the bio-control agents of B. amyloliquefaciens against tobacco black shank.