转寄主对蝇蛹俑小蜂发育和营养物质含量的影响

本文以家蝇作为繁育寄主，再以橘小实蝇作为转换寄主，分别研究以家蝇和橘小实蝇为寄主的蝇蛹俑小蜂的发育和体内主要营养物质含量。结果表明，2种寄主饲养的蝇蛹俑小蜂在形态、发育和营养物质含量上均有不同的分化。2种寄主饲养的寄生蜂从卵发育至成虫均为17~21 d，其中卵期和预蛹期均为1 d，但橘小实蝇为寄主饲养的寄生蜂幼虫期（8.3 d）比家蝇长（6.6 d），而蛹期和成虫寿命则是家蝇为寄主饲养的寄生蜂时间较长，分别为9.8和12.5 d，以橘小实蝇为寄主的雌、雄蜂头壳宽度（1.0和1.4 mm）均显著小于以家蝇为寄主的雌（1.6 mm）、雄蜂（1.7 mm）。2种寄主饲养的寄生蜂的脂肪含量无显著差异，但以橘小实蝇为寄主的寄生蜂体内可溶性蛋白、总糖的含量均高于以家蝇为寄主饲养的寄生蜂，分别为138.81 μg/g、1.15%，差异显著。因此可明确蝇蛹俑小蜂在寄生橘小实蝇的过程中，会作出相适应的改变以提高生存能力和寄生率。

Effects of Host Species on Development and Nutrient Contents of Splangia endius

In the laboratory, some physiological and biochemical characteristics were measured for Spalangia endius Walker reared on two host species, Musca domestica L. and Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Host associated differentiations in morphology, development and nutrient contents were observed. The egg-adult period of S. endius is 17-21 d, egg and prepupa period is each 1 d for the wasps from the two hosts, while larval period is 8.3 d for the wasps reared on B. dorsalis, longer than that of the wasps reared on M. domestica (6.6 d). The wasps reared on M. domestica had longer pupa period (9.8 d) and adult longevity (12.5 d). Compared with those reared on B. dorsalis, both female and male adult wasps reared on M. domestica had wider head width (1.6 and 1.7 mm). No significant difference was found in fat content between the wasp, while the wasps reared on B. dorsalis had higher content of soluble protein and total sugar. Therefore S. endius would improve their survival abilities and parasitism rate for on B. dorsalis.