松毛虫赤眼蜂携带球孢白僵菌防治亚洲玉米螟技术研究与应用

高效的载菌技术是提高载菌赤眼蜂防治效果的重要基础。本研究对比了不同吸附助剂对松毛虫赤眼蜂羽化时间、羽化量、存活时间及载菌量影响，证明了不同助剂及吸附球孢白僵菌分生孢子后对赤眼蜂无不利影响。试验结果表明，0.1%（w/v）淀粉溶液作为吸附助剂可显著提高赤眼蜂的载菌量，达3.6×10⁴孢子/蜂以上，并应用该助剂建立了赤眼蜂高效携带白僵菌方法。从被害株数、蛀孔数、活虫数和僵虫数4个方面测定了载菌赤眼蜂田间防治玉米螟效果。结果表明，载菌赤眼蜂较单一使用赤眼蜂防治效果显著提高，被害株数、蛀孔数和活虫数均显著降低，分别降低了28.1%、22.8%和24.5%，并且载菌赤眼蜂处理组中僵虫数量显著高于单独使用赤眼蜂处理组，说明载菌赤眼蜂对玉米螟具有协同防控作用。利用该方法进行玉米螟田间防治，能够降低防治成本，提高防治效率，节约劳动力，具有巨大的应用和推广价值。

Use of Trichogramma Phoretic Beauveria bassiana in Control of Asian Corn Borer in Field

Efficient technology for Trichogramma phoretic microbes is important for improving the bioactivity of Beauveria bassiana against Asian corn borer (ACB). In the present study, the effects of different auxiliaries for absorbing conidia of B. bassiana on the emergence and survival of and conidia amount carried by T. dendrolimi wasps were tested. The results showed no significant effects of auxiliaries and phoretic conidia on the wasps. When 0.1% (w/v) starch solution was used as an adsorbent, the B. bassiana conidia load by T. dendrolimi could be significantly increased to more than 3.6×10⁴ per wasp. An efficient method for T. dendrolimi phoretic B. bassiana (TPB) was established. Control efficiency against ACB using TPB was evaluated in field. Results demonstrated a significantly higher control using TPB than using T. dendrolimi alone. The numbers of ACB damaged plants, boring, and surviving larvae in TPB treatment were reduced by 28.1%, 22.8% and 24.5%, respectively, relative to those in the treatment with T. dendrolimi alone. The number of ACB cadavers in the TPB treatment was significantly higher than in the treatment with T. dendrolimi alone, indicating that TPB had a synergistic control against ACB. In conclusion, the technique of Trichogramma phoretic B. bassiana is highly valuable for control of ACB in field because of its high efficiency, low cost and low labor demand.